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Hi Alex
A delayed response to your query. Apologies.
Your answer of 20 days is correct if they worked together. However, this question states that they worked on it on alternate days. i.e. , John works alone on day 1. Joe works alone on day 2 and then John works alone on day 3 and so on.
As John could complete 1/30th of the work in a day and Joe could complete 1/60th of the work in a day, at the end of day 2, they would have completed (1/30 + 1/60)th of the work.
i.e., ((2 + 1)/60)th of the work gets done in 2 days 3/60th or 1/20th of the work gets done in 2 DAYS and not in 1 DAY. Hence, they will take 20 * 2 = 40 days to complete the task.
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